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The motions of stars and ionized gas in the galaxies with central bar
were studied in detail at the BTA. It is shown that the second
circumnuclear bar, sometimes detectable on the images of such
galaxies, is not, contrary to the popular belief, a dynamically
independent galactic subsystem. This result places restrictions
on the possible mechanisms of the gas inflow in the active galactic nuclei.
In collaboration with the Institute of Astronomy (INAOE, Mexico).
The first detailed map of the distribution of visible and dark matter
in the vicinity of the Local Group with the radius of 5 Mpc was compiled
based on the measurement of distances and radial velocities for 100 most
nearby galaxies. It was found that the distribution of dark matter
in the Local Universe follows the relief of the visible matter with
the characteristic mass-to-luminosity ratio of 30-40 in solar units.
The observed kinematics of nearby galaxies corresponds to the matter
density of about 1/20 of the critical density of the Universe.
In collaboration with the Astronomical Observatory of Kiev National
University (Ukraine), Max Planck Institute for Radio Astronomy (Germany)
and the U.S. universities.
Stellar populations of 30 irregular galaxies were studied from the images of the BTA telescope and the Hubble Space Telescope archive. It was discovered that all these galaxies have an extended thick disk composed of old stars - red giants. The sizes of these disks are on the average 3 times larger than the optical sizes of galaxies.
According to the results of long-term observations at the RATAN-600 with a unique multi-frequency radio receiver it was determined that there exists a fairly broad "transparency window" of the Galaxy into the Early Universe, where the experiments to test the physical theories of the formation and evolution of the Universe based on the manifestation of the predicted events at redshifts of 10 to 100000000 become possible. The RATAN-600 captures the low-frequency part of the window, and the 6-m telescope - its central part. A strategy of using the RATAN-600 in this window is proposed for the coming years, and its implementation is already underway.
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